Metal Technologies has compiled a small glossary to help you familiarize yourself with the language of metal casting. Please select a range of terms from the menu at the left for listings of common metal casting terms and definitions.
Sand Molding: Process in which moist sand is compressed into a hollow form. Molten metal is then poured into the form to fill the cavity. When the metal has solidified, the sand is broken away by vibration leaving the metal casting. more about sand casting
Shakeout: The stage in the casting process where the sand from the mold is cleaned off of the newly formed castings through vigorous vibration.
Shell Process: Process in which clay-free silica sand coated with a thermosetting resin or mixed with resin is placed on a heated metal pattern for a short period of time to form a partially hardened shell. The bulk of the sand mixture inside the resulting shell is removed for further use. The pattern and shell are then heated further to harden or polymerize the resin-sand mix, and the shell is removed from the pattern. Frequently, shell cores are made using the Hot Box process.
Shrinkage: The decrease in volume when molten metal solidifies.
Shrink Hole: A cavity in a casting due to insufficient feed metal.
Sizing: A primary coating of glue applied to the end grain of wood to seal the pores.
Skeleton Pattern: A framework representing both the exterior and interior of the shape of the casting.
Slab Core: A plain flat core.
Slag: The nonmetallic covering on molten metal resulting from the combination of impurities in the initial charge like ash from fuel, and any silica and clay eroded from the refactory lining. It is skimmed off prior to pouring the metal.
Slurry: Thin watery mixture such as the gypsum mixture for plaster molding, the molding medium used for investment casting, core dips, and mold washes.
Snap Flask: A flask that has hinges and latches so that it may be removed from the mold prior to the pouring.
Soldiers: Wooden pegs used to reinforce a body of sand.
Spectography: Process for determining the concentration of metallic constituents in a metal or alloy by the intensity of specific wavelengths generated when the metal or alloy is thermally or electrically excited.
Split Pattern: A pattern that is parted for convenience in molding.
Sprue: The opening into which the metal is first poured.
Strike or Strickle: A template or straightedge used for removing excess sand from a mold or core box.
Stock Cores: Standard cores of common diameters which are kept "in stock" for general use.
Stopping Off: Closing off a part of the mold that is not wanted.
Stripping Plate: A plate, formed to the contour of the pattern, which holds the sand in place while the pattern is drawn through the plate.
Sweep or Skree: A board shaped to a required profile. It is used to remove excess material from a mold or core.
Sweep Work: Forming molds or cores by the use of jigs or templates instead of patterns.
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